piperazine brands

Molecular formula: C4H10N2

Piperazine is a GABA receptor agonist. Piperzine binds directly and selectively to muscle membrane GABA receptors, presumably causing hyperpolarization of nerve endings, resulting in flaccid paralysis of the worm. While the worm is paralyzed, it is dislodged from the intestinal lumen and expelled live from the body by normal intestinal peristalsis. Piperazine blocks the response of the /target species/ worm muscle (best studied in Ascaris), causing flaccid paralysis of the worm. While the worm is paralyzed, it is dislodged from the intestinal lumen and expelled live from the body by normal intestinal peristalsis. The predominant effect of piperazine on /the target species/ Ascaris is to cause a flaccid paralysis that results in expulsion of the worm by peristalsis. ... Piperazine blocks the response of Ascaris muscle to acetylcholine, apparently by altering the permeability of the cell membrane to ions that are responsible for the maintenance of the resting potential. The drug causes hyperpolarization and suppression of spontaneous spike potentials with accompanying paralysis. Piperazine citrate causes reversible muscle paralysis in intestinal nematodes, presumably by causing hyperpolarization of nerve endings /in this target species/. /Piperazine citrate/ Piperazine and its salts, as a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-like substance, induce a reversible flaccid paralysis in the /target/ nematode parasites. This is provoked by a hyperpolarization of the cell membrane followed by suppression of spontaneous spike potentials. THe paralyzed nematodes are expelled from the gut lumen by normal peristaltic actions. In mammals, motorcortical GABAa inhibition is important for initiation of smooth flexion and/or extension movements of the extremities affecting motor and postural control. When injected into the hand motor cortical area of three infant macaque monkeys, the GABA agonist muscimol disrupted forelimb movement showing a posture of dropped wrist and fingers as if the radial nerve were paralysed. Interestingly, the three investigated animals exhibited large inter-individual differences in sensitivity to the action of the same dose of muscimol, being low in one, moderate in the second and substantial in the third. Injection into the medial segment of globus pallidus elicited choreiform movements and injections into substantia nigra pars reticulata provoked severe axial posture anomalies with rotational behaviour as well as contralateral hypotonia. Although the symptoms induced by piperazine in sensitive species exhibits some of these features, it is possible that its effects in mammals also involve other modes of action as well, in as much as a nicotinic action on rat sympathetic ganglia in vitro was reported in one series of experiments.

Source: PubChem (NCBI) · compound 4837