ADVOCIN SOLUBLE POWDER

Indications

• Bacterial infections
• Respiratory tract infections
• Urinary tract infections
• Soft tissue infections

Dosage

Children: Refer to the BNF for Children for specific dosing information.

Adults: Refer to the BNF for specific dosing information.

Mechanism of action

Danofloxacin exerts its antibacterial effects by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes critical for DNA replication and transcription. By interfering with these enzymes, danofloxacin disrupts the supercoiling of DNA, which is essential for bacterial cell division and growth, leading to bacterial cell death.

Pharmacodynamics

Danofloxacin demonstrates concentration-dependent bactericidal activity, meaning that its efficacy increases with higher drug concentrations. It has a broad spectrum of activity against various pathogens, including Escherichia coli and Pasteurella species, making it a suitable choice for treating infections in animals. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values vary depending on the target organism, and the drug shows post-antibiotic effects, reducing bacterial regrowth after exposure.

Pharmacokinetics

Danofloxacin is rapidly absorbed after administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within hours. It has a high volume of distribution, indicating extensive tissue penetration, which is beneficial for its activity against systemic infections. The drug is primarily metabolized in the liver, and its elimination half-life allows for once-daily dosing in clinical settings. Renal excretion plays a significant role in the clearance of danofloxacin, necessitating caution in patients with impaired renal function.

Contra-indications

• Known hypersensitivity to danofloxacin or any components of the formulation
• Severe renal impairment
• Pregnant animals

Adverse effects

• Gastrointestinal disturbances
• Nervous system effects
• Hypersensitivity reactions
• Tendon damage
• Cartilage damage in young animals

Interactions

• Antacids may reduce absorption
• Concurrent use with other fluoroquinolones should be avoided

Precautions

• Use with caution in animals with a history of tendon disorders
• Not recommended for use in young animals due to potential cartilage damage
• Monitor renal function in long-term treatments

Pregnancy

The safety of danofloxacin in pregnant women has not been established, use only if the benefits outweigh the risks.

Breast-feeding

The effects of danofloxacin on breastfeeding women and infants are unknown, caution is advised.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.

Formulations

• Tablets
• Injectable solution