CATAFLAM 1.8MG/ML SUSPENSION

Indications

• Osteoarthritis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Acute musculoskeletal pain
• Dysmenorrhea
• Postoperative pain
• Gout attacks

Dosage

Children: For children aged 1 to 12 years, the dose is generally based on weight. Refer to BNF for Children for specific dosing recommendations.

Adults: The usual oral dose for adults is 50 mg taken two or three times daily, depending on the severity of symptoms.

Mechanism of action

Cataflam works by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), which is involved in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are mediators of inflammation and pain. By decreasing their production, Cataflam effectively reduces pain, inflammation, and fever.

Pharmacodynamics

The pharmacodynamic effects of Cataflam include a reduction in the synthesis of prostaglandins, leading to decreased inflammatory responses and alleviation of pain. It exhibits analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. The onset of action typically occurs within a few hours, providing quick relief for acute pain conditions.

Pharmacokinetics

Cataflam is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 1 to 2 hours. It is extensively metabolized in the liver, mainly through glucuronidation and oxidation. The elimination half-life ranges from 1 to 2 hours, with metabolites excreted primarily in urine. The drug's bioavailability is approximately 50% due to first-pass metabolism.

Contra-indications

• Active or history of peptic ulcer disease
• Severe heart failure
• Severe hepatic impairment
• Severe renal impairment
• Known hypersensitivity to diclofenac or any of the excipients

Adverse effects

• Gastrointestinal bleeding
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Abdominal pain
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Rash
• Elevated liver enzymes
• Kidney impairment

Interactions

• Anticoagulants may enhance the risk of bleeding
• Other NSAIDs may increase the risk of adverse effects
• Diuretics may reduce effectiveness
• ACE inhibitors may have decreased effectiveness
• Methotrexate may have increased toxicity

Precautions

• Monitor renal function in patients with renal impairment
• Use with caution in patients with a history of gastrointestinal disease
• Avoid in patients with cardiovascular disease
• Caution in elderly patients due to increased risk of adverse effects

Pregnancy

Use during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, is contraindicated as it may cause fetal harm or complications during delivery.

Breast-feeding

Diclofenac is excreted in breast milk, and caution is advised when used during breastfeeding.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.

Formulations

• Tablets
• Topical gel
• Injection solution