CEFUXIME 750MG INJECTION

Indications

• Bacterial respiratory tract infections
• Skin and soft tissue infections
• Urinary tract infections
• Otitis media
• Sinusitis
• Gonorrhea
• Lyme disease

Dosage

Children: Refer to the BNF for Children for appropriate dosing guidelines for paediatric patients.

Adults: Refer to the specific guidelines for cefuroxime dosing, as it varies based on the type and severity of infection, and renal function.

Mechanism of action

Cefuroxime works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, which leads to the disruption of cell wall integrity and ultimately causes bacterial lysis and death.

Pharmacodynamics

Cefuroxime exhibits time-dependent antibacterial activity, meaning its efficacy is related to the duration of time that the drug concentration remains above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for the target bacteria. It is generally bactericidal and demonstrates a broad spectrum of activity against both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Its effectiveness varies with different bacterial strains, and resistance can occur via beta-lactamase production or modification of target PBPs.

Pharmacokinetics

Cefuroxime is well absorbed after oral administration, with bioavailability ranging from 50% to 90%. It is widely distributed in body tissues and fluids, including the lungs, liver, kidneys, and bile. The drug is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine, and its elimination half-life is approximately 1 to 2 hours in individuals with normal renal function. Dosage adjustment may be necessary in patients with renal impairment to prevent accumulation and potential toxicity.

Contra-indications

• Hypersensitivity to cefuroxime or other cephalosporins
• Severe allergic reactions to penicillins

Adverse effects

• Diarrhea
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Rash
• Urticaria
• Eosinophilia
• Elevated liver enzymes
• Renal impairment

Interactions

• Probenecid may increase cefuroxime levels
• Anticoagulants may have an increased risk of bleeding
• Aminoglycosides may have additive nephrotoxicity

Precautions

• Use with caution in patients with renal impairment
• Monitor for signs of anaphylaxis in patients with a history of penicillin allergy
• Use cautiously in patients with gastrointestinal diseases, particularly colitis

Pregnancy

Cefuroxime is categorized as pregnancy category B. It is generally considered safe during pregnancy, but should be used only if clearly needed.

Breast-feeding

Cefuroxime is excreted in breast milk, but is usually considered safe for use during breastfeeding. Monitor the infant for any adverse effects.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place, away from light. Reconstituted solutions should be stored in the refrigerator and used within a specified timeframe as per product guidelines.

Formulations

• Tablets
• Oral suspension
• Injectable solution