DINLAZOLE SUSPENSION

Indications

• Ascariasis
• Hookworm infections
• Trichuriasis
• Enterobiasis (pinworm infection)
• Neurocysticercosis
• Echinococcosis

Dosage

Children: Refer to the BNF for Children for specific dosing information in paediatric patients.

Adults: Refer to the BNF for specific dosing information, as doses may vary based on the indication and patient condition.

Mechanism of action

Abendazole acts by inhibiting the polymerization of tubulin into microtubules, which is essential for cell division and function in helminths. This disruption leads to a decrease in the formation of glucose uptake and ATP production in the parasites, ultimately resulting in their death. The drug's action is primarily targeted at the energy metabolism pathways of the parasites.

Pharmacodynamics

Abendazole is effective against a variety of helminths due to its ability to interfere with the cellular structure and function of the parasites. It not only inhibits glucose uptake but also causes the depletion of glycogen stores in the parasites, leading to energy starvation. This makes abendazole effective against both adult worms and larval forms.

Pharmacokinetics

Abendazole is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, which limits its systemic availability. However, it is extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily through oxidation, leading to the formation of its active metabolite, albendazole sulfoxide. The drug has a half-life that varies based on individual metabolism and can be influenced by factors such as food intake. The elimination of the drug occurs mainly through the urine and feces.

Contra-indications

• Hypersensitivity to albendazole or any component of the formulation
• Pregnancy, particularly in the first trimester

Adverse effects

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Abdominal pain
• Diarrhea
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Elevated liver enzymes
• Allergic reactions, including rash and pruritus

Interactions

• Cimetidine may increase serum concentrations of albendazole
• Drugs that induce hepatic enzymes (e.g., rifampicin) may decrease albendazole levels
• Potential interaction with other anthelmintics or antiparasitic agents

Precautions

• Use with caution in patients with liver disease
• Monitor liver function tests during treatment
• Not recommended for use in patients with severe bone marrow suppression

Pregnancy

Albendazole is not recommended during pregnancy due to potential teratogenic effects. Women of childbearing age should use effective contraception during treatment.

Breast-feeding

Albendazole is excreted in breast milk. Caution is advised when administering to breastfeeding women.

Storage

Store at room temperature, away from moisture and heat.

Formulations

• Tablets
• Suspension
• Chewable tablets