ESTRUMATE

Indications

• Induction of labor
• Termination of pregnancy
• Luteolysis in cattle and swine
• Synchronization of estrus

Dosage

Children: The dosage must be determined based on clinical guidelines and specific patient circumstances. Refer to the BNF for Children for recommended dosing.

Adults: The dosage must be determined based on clinical guidelines and specific patient circumstances. Refer to the BNF for recommended dosing.

Mechanism of action

Cloprostenol exerts its effects by mimicking the action of natural prostaglandin F2α, binding to specific prostaglandin receptors (FP receptors) on target cells. This binding triggers signaling pathways that lead to increased intracellular calcium levels, resulting in uterine contractions, luteolysis, and alterations in ovarian function.

Pharmacodynamics

The pharmacodynamic properties of cloprostenol are characterized by its potent luteolytic activity, leading to a decrease in progesterone production from the corpus luteum. This results in the initiation of estrus and can facilitate parturition. The drug also promotes smooth muscle contraction in the uterus, enhancing its efficacy in reproductive applications.

Pharmacokinetics

Cloprostenol is administered parenterally, and its onset of action is rapid, with effects typically observed within hours. The drug is metabolized predominantly in the liver, with renal excretion of metabolites. The half-life of cloprostenol is relatively short, necessitating careful timing in administration for optimal efficacy in reproductive protocols.

Contra-indications

• Hypersensitivity to cloprostenol or any of its components
• Pregnancy in women unless used for therapeutic abortions
• Active cardiovascular disease
• Severe asthma or other pulmonary conditions

Adverse effects

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Abdominal pain
• Headache
• Flushing
• Sweating
• Chills
• Dizziness
• Increased uterine tone or contractions
• Hypotension
• Bronchospasm

Interactions

• Antihypertensives may have additive effects leading to hypotension
• NSAIDs may decrease the effectiveness of cloprostenol

Precautions

• Use with caution in patients with a history of asthma or other respiratory conditions
• Monitor for signs of hypotension
• Assess uterine activity during treatment

Pregnancy

Cloprostenol is contraindicated in pregnancy unless used for therapeutic abortions due to its effects on uterine contractions.

Breast-feeding

Caution is advised as it is unknown if cloprostenol is excreted in human milk; consider risks and benefits before use.

Storage

Store at room temperature (15-30 degrees Celsius) in a tightly closed container, protected from light.

Formulations

• Injection solution