What it does
Nepafenac is a type of eye drop used to reduce pain and swelling after eye surgery.
Commonly used for: pain after eye surgery, inflammation after cataract surgery
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Source: Food and Drugs Authority · fetched 2026-04-18 08:37:10 · updated 2026-10-23 04:00:06
About this medicine
Nepafenac is a type of eye drop used to reduce pain and swelling after eye surgery.
What it treats
- pain after eye surgery
- inflammation after cataract surgery
How it works
Nepafenac works by blocking substances in the body that cause pain and swelling.
Who it's for
It is for adults who have recently had eye surgery.
AI-assisted summary grounded in BNF data - general information only, not medical advice. Always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor.
Clinical monograph: nepafanac
Nepafenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is primarily used in the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with ocular surgery, particularly cataract surgery. It is a prodrug that is converted to its active form, amfenac, within the eye. Nepafenac is known for its ability to reduce postoperative ocular inflammation and pain, thereby facilitating recovery and improving patient comfort.
Indications
- Postoperative ocular inflammation
- Ocular pain following cataract surgery
Dosage
Children: Refer to the BNF for Children for specific paediatric dosing information.
Adults: Refer to the BNF for specific dosing guidelines.
Mechanism of action
Nepafenac exerts its therapeutic effects through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, specifically COX-1 and COX-2. This action leads to a decrease in the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are mediators of inflammation and pain. By inhibiting these enzymes, nepafenac effectively reduces inflammation, edema, and pain in ocular tissues following surgery.
Pharmacodynamics
The pharmacodynamics of nepafenac involve its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, which stem from its ability to inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators. Its conversion to amfenac in the ocular tissues enhances its efficacy in targeting inflammation at the site of action. The onset of action occurs relatively quickly, providing prompt relief from postoperative discomfort and inflammation.
Pharmacokinetics
Nepafenac is administered topically as an eye drop, allowing for localized delivery to ocular tissues. After instillation, it is rapidly absorbed through the cornea and converted to its active metabolite, amfenac, by ocular enzymes. The pharmacokinetic profile indicates a peak concentration of amfenac in the aqueous humor within a few hours post-administration. The elimination half-life of amfenac is approximately 1 to 2 hours, and it is primarily eliminated through renal pathways.
Contra-indications
- Hypersensitivity to nepafenac or any component of the formulation
- Active or suspected ocular infections
- History of severe allergic reactions to NSAIDs
Adverse effects
- Ocular irritation
- Increased intraocular pressure
- Conjunctival hyperemia
- Corneal deposits
- Blurred vision
Interactions
- Caution is advised when used with other topical ophthalmic products
- Potential interaction with other NSAIDs or anticoagulants
Precautions
- Use with caution in patients with a history of ocular surgery
- Monitor for signs of ocular infection during treatment
- Not recommended for use in patients with a history of asthma or allergic reactions related to NSAIDs
Pregnancy
Limited data available, use only if clearly needed and the benefits outweigh risks.
Breast-feeding
Not known if excreted in human milk, use with caution.
Storage
Store at room temperature, protect from light and moisture.
Formulations
- Ophthalmic suspension
AI-synthesized from BNF references - general information only, not a substitute for professional medical advice or the current BNF. Verify doses with a pharmacist.