ENLIV FORTE CAPSULES (Each capsule contains essential Phospholipids 300mg/ Silymarin)

Indications

• Lipid replacement therapy
• Nutritional supplementation
• Support in liver disease
• Support in skin conditions

Dosage

Children: Dosing for children should be determined by a healthcare provider, based on individual clinical circumstances and specific formulations.

Adults: Dosing of phospholipids varies widely based on specific formulations and clinical indications. It is essential to refer to specific product guidelines or consult a healthcare professional for appropriate dosing.

Mechanism of action

Phospholipids serve as structural components of cell membranes, forming lipid bilayers that provide a barrier to the passage of ions and polar molecules. They also participate in cell signaling pathways, where they can be hydrolyzed to produce second messengers like diacylglycerol and inositol triphosphate, which are involved in various cellular processes.

Pharmacodynamics

Phospholipids influence membrane fluidity and permeability, affecting the function of membrane proteins and the interaction of cells with their environment. They also play a crucial role in the formation of lipid rafts, which are microdomains in the membrane that organize signaling molecules and facilitate cellular communication.

Pharmacokinetics

Phospholipids are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and are distributed throughout the body in various tissues. They undergo metabolic processes involving enzymatic hydrolysis and re-esterification, leading to the production of other lipids and bioactive molecules. The half-life and elimination pathways can vary depending on the specific type of phospholipid and its physiological role.

Pregnancy

Phospholipids are generally considered safe during pregnancy, as they are naturally occurring components of cell membranes and are involved in various physiological processes. However, specific formulations should be evaluated for safety.

Breast-feeding

Phospholipids are found in human milk and are deemed safe during breastfeeding. They play a role in infant nutrition and development.

Storage

Phospholipids should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from light. Specific storage conditions may vary based on the formulation.

Formulations

• Phosphatidylcholine
• Phosphatidylethanolamine
• Phosphatidylserine
• Phosphatidylinositol

Indications

• Liver disease
• Hepatitis
• Liver cirrhosis
• Fatty liver disease
• Drug-induced liver injury

Dosage

Children: Refer to the BNF for Children for appropriate dosing recommendations in paediatric populations.

Adults: Refer to the BNF for specific dosing guidance as it can vary based on the formulation and indication.

Mechanism of action

Silymarin acts as an antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting lipid peroxidation. It also stabilizes cell membranes, promotes protein synthesis, and enhances glutathione levels within the liver, thereby supporting detoxification processes.

Pharmacodynamics

Silymarin exhibits various pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antifibrotic activities. It helps to reduce liver inflammation and fibrosis, thereby improving liver function and overall health.

Pharmacokinetics

Silymarin is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with bioavailability significantly limited due to its large molecular size and high molecular weight. The compound undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. Its elimination half-life is variable, typically ranging from 6 to 12 hours. Silymarin is primarily excreted in the urine as metabolites.

Adverse effects

• Gastrointestinal disturbances
• Headache
• Allergic reactions
• Skin rash

Interactions

• May affect the metabolism of certain drugs metabolized by the liver
• Caution with anticoagulants

Precautions

• Use with caution in patients with liver disease
• Not recommended for use in pregnant or breastfeeding women without medical advice

Pregnancy

Safety during pregnancy has not been established. Use only if clearly needed and prescribed by a healthcare professional.

Breast-feeding

Use with caution. Limited data available on excretion in breast milk.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place away from light. Keep out of reach of children.

Formulations

• Capsules
• Tablets
• Extracts