HAFTRINE 100MG/5ML SUSPENSION

Indications

• Treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria
• Management of multi-drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria

Dosage

Children: Refer to the BNF for Children for specific dosage recommendations.

Adults: Refer to the BNF for specific dosage guidelines.

Mechanism of action

The mechanism of action of Halofantrine may be similar to that of chloroquine, quinine, and mefloquine; by forming toxic complexes with ferritoporphyrin IX that damage the membrane of the parasite.

Pharmacodynamics

Halofantrine is classified as a blood schizonticide, which means it is effective in killing the blood stages of the malaria parasite. Its efficacy against multi-drug resistant strains of P. falciparum is significant, offering an alternative treatment option for malaria cases where other treatments may fail.

Pharmacokinetics

Halofantrine is well absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations typically occurring within several hours. Its bioavailability can be affected by the presence of food, increasing absorption when taken with meals. The drug undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism, primarily via cytochrome P450 enzymes, leading to various metabolites. Halofantrine has a relatively long half-life, which is beneficial for its dosing regimen.

Contra-indications

• Hypersensitivity to halofantrine
• History of cardiac arrhythmias
• Concurrent use with drugs that prolong the QT interval

Adverse effects

• Cardiac arrhythmias
• CNS effects such as dizziness and headache
• Gastrointestinal disturbances including nausea and vomiting
• Skin reactions like rash and pruritus

Interactions

• Concomitant use with other drugs that prolong the QT interval can increase the risk of serious arrhythmias
• Antimalarials such as quinine and mefloquine may have additive effects on QT prolongation

Precautions

• Monitor cardiac function, particularly in patients with a history of heart disease
• Caution in patients with liver impairment as halofantrine is metabolized by the liver
• Avoid in patients with a history of seizures

Pregnancy

Halofantrine should be used in pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Limited data on safety.

Breast-feeding

It is not known whether halofantrine is excreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised when administering to nursing mothers.

Storage

Store below 25°C, in a dry place, protected from light.

Formulations

• Halofantrine 250 mg tablets

Mechanism of action

The mechanism of action of Halofantrine may be similar to that of chloroquine, quinine, and mefloquine; by forming toxic complexes with ferritoporphyrin IX that damage the membrane of the parasite.

Pharmacodynamics

Halofantrine is a synthetic antimalarial which acts as a blood schizonticide. It is effective against multi drug resistant (including mefloquine resistant) <i>P. falciparum</i> malaria.