What it does
Polystrene is used to help remove excess potassium from the body, which can occur in conditions like kidney disease.
Commonly used for: high potassium levels (hyperkalemia)
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Source: Pharmacy and Medicines Regulatory Authority · fetched 2026-04-21 17:37:45 · updated 2026-09-29 04:33:06
About this medicine
Polystrene is used to help remove excess potassium from the body, which can occur in conditions like kidney disease.
What it treats
- high potassium levels (hyperkalemia)
How it works
Polystrene works by binding to potassium in the intestines, helping the body get rid of it through stool.
Who it's for
This medication is for adults and children with high potassium levels due to kidney problems or other health issues.
Cautions
- • Consult your doctor if you have bowel problems or other serious health conditions.
AI-assisted summary grounded in BNF data - general information only, not medical advice. Always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor.
Clinical monograph: polystrene
Polystyrene sulfonate, commonly referred to as polystyrene, is a cation exchange resin used primarily for the treatment of hyperkalemia, a condition characterized by elevated levels of potassium in the blood. It works by exchanging sodium ions for potassium ions in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby reducing serum potassium levels. The drug is often administered orally or rectally and is typically used in conjunction with other treatments for effective management of potassium levels.
Indications
- Hyperkalemia
- Management of high potassium levels in patients with renal impairment
Dosage
Children: Refer to BNF for Children for specific dosing guidelines.
Adults: Refer to BNF for specific dosing guidelines.
Mechanism of action
Polystyrene sulfonate functions as a cation exchange resin. It binds potassium ions in the gastrointestinal lumen and exchanges them for sodium ions, facilitating the excretion of potassium through feces. This mechanism helps to lower serum potassium levels in patients with hyperkalemia.
Pharmacodynamics
The pharmacodynamics of polystyrene sulfonate involve its ability to lower serum potassium concentrations through ion exchange. The onset of action can vary, but therapeutic effects are usually observed within hours to days depending on the route of administration and the severity of hyperkalemia. The drug does not promote renal excretion of potassium but rather works through gastrointestinal elimination.
Pharmacokinetics
Polystyrene sulfonate is not absorbed systemically, as it remains in the gastrointestinal tract where it exerts its effects. The drug's action is localized, and its effects can be influenced by gastrointestinal transit time. The half-life is not applicable since it is not metabolized or absorbed. The primary route of elimination is fecal excretion, following the exchange of potassium for sodium.
Contra-indications
- Hypersensitivity to polystyrene sulfonate or any of its components
- Severe intestinal obstruction
- Colonic necrosis
Adverse effects
- Gastrointestinal disturbances (e.g., constipation, diarrhea)
- Electrolyte imbalances (e.g., hypokalemia)
- Nausea and vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Intestinal necrosis
- Bowel perforation
Interactions
- May interact with other medications that affect electrolyte levels
- Caution with concurrent use of potassium-sparing diuretics
- Potential interaction with digoxin and other cardiac glycosides
Precautions
- Use with caution in patients with heart failure or renal impairment
- Monitor serum electrolytes regularly
- Ensure adequate hydration to prevent constipation
- Assess for signs of intestinal obstruction
Pregnancy
The safety of polystyrene sulfonate in pregnancy has not been established. Use only if clearly needed.
Breast-feeding
Polystyrene sulfonate is not expected to harm a nursing infant. However, consult with a healthcare provider before use.
Storage
Store at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Keep out of reach of children.
Formulations
- Powder for oral suspension
- Enema
AI-synthesized from BNF references - general information only, not a substitute for professional medical advice or the current BNF. Verify doses with a pharmacist.