METOCLOPROMIDE INJ 10MG/2ML
METOCLOPROMIDE INJ 10MG/2ML
What it does
Inj is a medication used to treat various health conditions.
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Source: Pharmacy and Poisons Board · fetched 2026-01-28 19:25:40 · updated 2026-08-03 03:03:54
About inj
Inj is a medication used to treat various health conditions.
How it works
Inj works by affecting certain processes in the body to help manage symptoms or treat conditions.
Who it's for
Inj is prescribed for patients with specific medical needs as determined by a healthcare professional.
AI-assisted summary grounded in BNF data - general information only, not medical advice. Always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor.
About metoclopromide
Metoclopramide is a medication that helps with nausea and vomiting.
What it treats
- nausea and vomiting
- migraine-related nausea
- post-surgery nausea
- nausea from chemotherapy
How it works
It works by blocking signals in the brain that cause nausea and helps the stomach empty faster.
Who it's for
It is used for people experiencing severe nausea or vomiting due to various conditions.
AI-assisted summary grounded in BNF data - general information only, not medical advice. Always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor.
Clinical monograph: metoclopromide
Metoclopramide is a dopamine receptor antagonist that is primarily used as an antiemetic and prokinetic agent. It works by increasing the motility of the upper gastrointestinal tract and accelerating gastric emptying, making it effective in treating conditions such as nausea, vomiting, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Metoclopramide is also used in the management of migraine-associated nausea and for facilitating small bowel intubation.
Indications
- Nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting
- Gastroparesis
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- Migraine-associated nausea
- Facilitation of small bowel intubation
Dosage
Children: Refer to the BNF for Children for paediatric dosing recommendations.
Adults: Refer to the BNF for specific dosing guidelines.
Mechanism of action
Metoclopramide antagonizes dopamine D2 receptors in the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. It also enhances the action of acetylcholine on muscarinic receptors in the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to increased gastric motility and accelerated gastric emptying. Additionally, it has some serotonin receptor agonist activity which contributes to its antiemetic effects.
Pharmacodynamics
The pharmacodynamic effects of metoclopramide include its ability to reduce nausea and vomiting by blocking dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) of the brain. It increases the amplitude of gastric contractions and relaxes the pyloric sphincter, promoting gastric emptying. It also exerts a modest effect on increasing esophageal peristalsis, which can alleviate symptoms of GERD.
Pharmacokinetics
Metoclopramide is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 1 to 2 hours after oral administration. It is primarily metabolized in the liver, with a half-life of approximately 5 to 6 hours. The drug is excreted mainly in the urine, with a significant portion being eliminated unchanged. Renal impairment can prolong the half-life and increase the risk of adverse effects.
Contra-indications
- Pheochromocytoma
- Gastrointestinal obstruction
- Perforation or hemorrhage
- Hypersensitivity to metoclopramide or any of its components
- Concurrent use with other dopamine antagonists
- History of tardive dyskinesia associated with metoclopramide
Adverse effects
- Drowsiness
- Fatigue
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Extrapyramidal symptoms
- Tardive dyskinesia
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Interactions
- Increased sedation with central nervous system depressants
- Anticholinergic drugs may reduce the efficacy of metoclopramide
- May enhance the effects of other dopamine antagonists
- Caution with drugs that increase the risk of extrapyramidal symptoms
Precautions
- Use with caution in patients with a history of seizures
- Avoid in patients with Parkinson's disease
- Monitor for signs of tardive dyskinesia in long-term use
- Caution in patients with renal impairment
Pregnancy
Metoclopramide is classified as category B. It should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
Breast-feeding
Metoclopramide is excreted in breast milk. Use with caution; potential effects on a nursing infant should be considered.
Storage
Store at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Keep out of reach of children.
Formulations
- Tablets
- Oral solution
- Injection
AI-synthesized from BNF references - general information only, not a substitute for professional medical advice or the current BNF. Verify doses with a pharmacist.
This drug in other countries
The same active ingredient registered across other registries we cover - including different brands.