METRONIDAZOLE INTRAVENOUS INFUSION BP 5G/100ML
Metranidazole BP 5g/100ml
What it does
Metronidazole is an antibiotic used to treat infections caused by bacteria and parasites.
Commonly used for: bacterial infections, parasitic infections, infections of the stomach (gastritis), certain types of vaginal infections
Read more in plain English ↓Plain-language summary for general understanding - not medical advice. Always follow your pharmacist/doctor.
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Source: Rwanda Food and Drugs Authority · fetched 2026-03-11 22:07:14 · updated 2026-09-21 02:30:20
About this medicine
Metronidazole is an antibiotic used to treat infections caused by bacteria and parasites.
What it treats
- bacterial infections
- parasitic infections
- infections of the stomach (gastritis)
- certain types of vaginal infections
How it works
It works by stopping the growth of the harmful bacteria and parasites causing the infection.
Who it's for
This medicine is for adults and children who have specific infections that can be treated with metronidazole.
Cautions
- • Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
- • Inform your doctor about any other medicines you are taking.
- • Avoid alcohol during treatment and for at least 48 hours after finishing the medicine.
AI-assisted summary grounded in BNF data - general information only, not medical advice. Always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor.
Clinical monograph: metranidazole
Metronidazole is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication primarily used to treat infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and certain protozoa. It is effective against conditions such as bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and gastrointestinal infections like amoebiasis. Metronidazole is commonly administered orally, topically, or intravenously, depending on the type and severity of the infection.
Indications
- Bacterial vaginosis
- Trichomoniasis
- Amoebiasis
- Clostridium difficile infection
- Anaerobic bacterial infections
Dosage
Children: Refer to the BNF for Children for specific dosing recommendations based on the condition being treated.
Adults: Refer to the BNF for specific dosing recommendations based on the condition being treated.
Mechanism of action
Metronidazole exerts its antimicrobial effect by diffusing into the microbial cell and undergoing reduction of its nitro group, leading to the formation of reactive intermediates that damage DNA and inhibit nucleic acid synthesis. This mechanism is particularly effective against anaerobic organisms and certain protozoa.
Pharmacodynamics
Metronidazole demonstrates concentration-dependent activity against susceptible microorganisms. It has a broad spectrum of action, being effective against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. Resistance is uncommon but may occur due to decreased uptake or enzymatic inactivation of the drug within the microorganism.
Pharmacokinetics
Metronidazole is well absorbed following oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 1 to 2 hours. It is widely distributed throughout the body, including the central nervous system and tissues, and has a volume of distribution of approximately 0.5 to 1 L/kg. Metronidazole is metabolized in the liver, primarily via oxidation and glucuronidation, and is eliminated predominantly through urine. The elimination half-life ranges from 6 to 8 hours.
Contra-indications
- Hypersensitivity to metronidazole or any component of the formulation
- First trimester of pregnancy for non-life-threatening infections
- Severe liver impairment
Adverse effects
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Metallic taste
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol
- Seizures (rare)
Interactions
- Alcohol - can cause disulfiram-like reaction
- Warfarin - may enhance anticoagulant effect
- Lithium - may increase lithium levels
- CYP3A4 inducers or inhibitors - may affect metronidazole metabolism
Precautions
- Use with caution in patients with central nervous system disorders
- Monitor for signs of peripheral neuropathy
- Caution in patients with hepatic dysfunction
- Discontinue if neurological symptoms develop
Pregnancy
Not recommended during the first trimester, but may be used in later trimesters if benefits outweigh risks.
Breast-feeding
Metronidazole is excreted in breast milk; caution is advised, and breastfeeding may be interrupted during treatment.
Storage
Store at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Protect from light.
Formulations
- Oral tablets
- Topical gel
- Intravenous injection
- Vaginal gel
AI-synthesized from BNF references - general information only, not a substitute for professional medical advice or the current BNF. Verify doses with a pharmacist.