PNEUMORAL TABLETS

Indications

• Asthma
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
• Bronchitis
• Respiratory tract infections with cough

Dosage

Children: Refer to the BNF for Children for specific dosing information.

Adults: Refer to the BNF for specific dosing information.

Mechanism of action

Fenspiride exhibits its pharmacological effects through the inhibition of inflammatory mediators and has bronchodilator activity. It is believed to modulate the release of histamine and other inflammatory cytokines, thereby reducing bronchial inflammation and facilitating easier breathing. The specific pathways involved include the blockade of certain receptors associated with allergic responses and inflammation.

Pharmacodynamics

Fenspiride demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition of leukotriene synthesis and the modulation of immune cell activity in the airways. This results in reduced bronchoconstriction and improved airflow. The drug’s bronchodilatory effect is primarily achieved through the relaxation of smooth muscles in the bronchial passages, alleviating symptoms of wheezing and shortness of breath.

Pharmacokinetics

Fenspiride is well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration. It undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism, leading to the formation of various metabolites. The drug has a moderate half-life, which supports its dosing regimen. Renal excretion plays a role in the elimination of fenspiride and its metabolites, necessitating caution in patients with renal impairment.

Contra-indications

• Hypersensitivity to fenspiride or any of its components
• History of asthma exacerbation with beta-adrenergic agonists

Adverse effects

• Drowsiness
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Allergic reactions (e.g., rash, pruritus)
• Gastrointestinal disturbances

Interactions

• May enhance the sedative effects of central nervous system depressants
• Caution with concomitant use of other medications that cause drowsiness

Precautions

• Use with caution in patients with liver impairment
• Caution in patients with a history of seizures
• Monitor for signs of hypersensitivity reactions

Pregnancy

Limited data on the safety of fenspiride during pregnancy. Use only if clearly needed and potential benefits justify the risks.

Breast-feeding

Data not available. Caution is advised, and breastfeeding should be avoided if the mother is taking fenspiride.

Storage

Store at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep out of reach of children.

Formulations

• Tablets
• Syrup