POLMASTAR 2 MG CAPSULE

Indications

• Osteoarthritis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Acute pain
• Chronic pain syndromes

Dosage

Children: Refer to the BNF for Children for appropriate dosing information for paediatric patients.

Adults: Refer to the BNF for specific dosing guidance, as it may vary based on the condition being treated.

Mechanism of action

Polmacoxib selectively inhibits COX-2, leading to decreased production of prostaglandins involved in the inflammatory process. By inhibiting this enzyme, polmacoxib reduces inflammation, alleviates pain, and can lower fever. The selective activity is intended to minimize adverse effects often seen with non-selective NSAIDs, particularly on the gastrointestinal tract.

Pharmacodynamics

The pharmacodynamic effects of polmacoxib include its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties. The drug’s mechanism leads to reduced levels of inflammatory mediators in the body, thus diminishing the clinical symptoms associated with inflammation such as swelling, redness, and pain. The selectivity for COX-2 over COX-1 helps to preserve protective gastric mucosal function, aiming to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal irritation and ulcers.

Pharmacokinetics

Polmacoxib is absorbed following oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations typically occurring within a few hours. The drug undergoes hepatic metabolism, primarily via cytochrome P450 enzymes, and is eliminated primarily through the urine. The half-life of polmacoxib allows for once-daily dosing in many cases. It is important to monitor renal function in patients taking this medication, as NSAIDs can impact renal blood flow and function.

Contra-indications

• Hypersensitivity to polmacoxib or any of its components
• Active gastrointestinal bleeding or ulceration
• Severe hepatic impairment
• Severe renal impairment
• History of peptic ulcer disease
• Congestive heart failure

Adverse effects

• Gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Hypertension
• Renal impairment
• Hepatic dysfunction
• Allergic reactions (rash, itching)

Interactions

• Anticoagulants (increased risk of bleeding)
• Other NSAIDs (increased risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects)
• Diuretics (may reduce their effectiveness)
• ACE inhibitors (may reduce their antihypertensive effect)
• Lithium (may increase lithium levels)

Precautions

• Use with caution in patients with a history of cardiovascular disease
• Monitor renal function in patients with pre-existing renal impairment
• Assess liver function in patients with liver disease
• Avoid use in patients with a history of gastrointestinal disorders

Pregnancy

Safety in pregnancy has not been established. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Breast-feeding

Caution is advised when administering to nursing mothers, as it is unknown if polmacoxib is excreted in human milk.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.

Formulations

• Tablets
• Oral suspension