Shaltoux Cough and Cold syrup
Pseudophedrine Hydrochloride BP 15mg + Chlophenamine Maleate
What it does
Chlophenamine is an antihistamine used to relieve allergy symptoms.
Commonly used for: allergic rhinitis (hay fever), urticaria (hives), pruritus (itching)
Read more in plain English ↓Plain-language summary for general understanding - not medical advice. Always follow your pharmacist/doctor.
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Sourcing - Kenya onlyRegistration & product details
Source: Zambia Medicines Regulatory Authority · fetched 2026-03-12 00:04:38 · updated 2026-09-17 03:40:18
About chlophenamine
Chlophenamine is an antihistamine used to relieve allergy symptoms.
What it treats
- allergic rhinitis (hay fever)
- urticaria (hives)
- pruritus (itching)
How it works
Chlophenamine helps reduce allergy symptoms by blocking the effects of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic reactions.
Who it's for
Chlophenamine is suitable for adults and children who have allergies.
AI-assisted summary grounded in BNF data - general information only, not medical advice. Always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor.
About pseudophedrine
Pseudophedrine is a medication used to relieve nasal congestion caused by colds, allergies, or sinus infections.
What it treats
- nasal congestion (stuffy nose)
- sinusitis
- allergic rhinitis (hay fever)
- common cold
How it works
Pseudophedrine works by narrowing the blood vessels in the nasal passages, which helps reduce swelling and congestion.
Who it's for
It is suitable for adults and children over a certain age, but always check with a healthcare provider before use.
AI-assisted summary grounded in BNF data - general information only, not medical advice. Always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor.
Clinical monograph: chlophenamine
Chlophenamine, also known as chlorpheniramine, is an antihistamine primarily used to relieve symptoms associated with allergic conditions such as allergic rhinitis and urticaria. It is a first-generation H1 receptor antagonist that can cross the blood-brain barrier, often resulting in sedative effects. It is commonly utilized in both prescription and over-the-counter medications for its antiallergic properties.
Indications
- Allergic rhinitis
- Urticaria
- Allergic conjunctivitis
- Common cold symptoms
Dosage
Children: Refer to the BNF for Children for appropriate dosing guidelines based on age and weight.
Adults: Refer to the BNF for specific dosing recommendations based on the indication being treated.
Mechanism of action
Chlophenamine works by selectively blocking H1 histamine receptors, preventing histamine from exerting its effects on target tissues. This action reduces the symptoms of allergic reactions, including itching, sneezing, and runny nose. Additionally, it exhibits anticholinergic properties, which can contribute to its efficacy in reducing secretions and providing symptomatic relief.
Pharmacodynamics
The pharmacodynamics of chlophenamine is characterized by its competitive antagonism of the H1 receptor. This leads to a decrease in the vascular permeability and vasodilation caused by histamine release during allergic reactions. Its sedative properties arise from its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and block central nervous system H1 receptors, leading to drowsiness and a calming effect.
Pharmacokinetics
Chlophenamine is well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and reaches peak plasma concentrations within 1 to 2 hours after oral administration. It has a relatively short half-life of about 12 to 15 hours, and it is metabolized in the liver, primarily through cytochrome P450 enzymes. The drug is excreted mainly in the urine, with both unchanged drug and metabolites present.
Contra-indications
- Hypersensitivity to chlophenamine or any component of the formulation
- Severe asthma exacerbation
- Use in neonates or premature infants
Adverse effects
- Drowsiness
- Dry mouth
- Dizziness
- Nausea
- Blurred vision
- Constipation
- Urinary retention
Interactions
- CNS depressants (e.g. alcohol, sedatives) may enhance sedative effects
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) may lead to increased side effects
- Anticholinergic agents may have additive effects
Precautions
- Use with caution in patients with glaucoma
- History of urinary retention or prostatic hypertrophy
- Epilepsy or seizure disorders
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding considerations
Pregnancy
Chlophenamine is categorized as a Category B medication; it should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
Breast-feeding
Chlophenamine is excreted in breast milk. Caution is advised when administered to nursing mothers.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, away from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Formulations
- Tablets
- Syrup
- Injection
AI-synthesized from BNF references - general information only, not a substitute for professional medical advice or the current BNF. Verify doses with a pharmacist.
Clinical monograph: pseudophedrine
Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine commonly used as a decongestant. It acts by constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages, thereby reducing swelling and congestion. It is frequently used to relieve nasal congestion due to colds, allergies, and hay fever. Pseudoephedrine is available over the counter and is often combined with other medications in cold and allergy formulations.
Indications
- Nasal congestion due to colds
- Allergic rhinitis
- Sinusitis
- Eustachian tube dysfunction
Dosage
Children: Refer to BNF for Children for specific dosing recommendations.
Adults: Refer to BNF or local guidelines for specific dosing recommendations.
Mechanism of action
Pseudoephedrine primarily functions as an alpha-adrenergic agonist. It stimulates alpha-1 adrenergic receptors on vascular smooth muscle, leading to vasoconstriction. This action decreases blood flow to the nasal mucosa, resulting in reduced edema and congestion.
Pharmacodynamics
The pharmacodynamic effects of pseudoephedrine include its ability to alleviate nasal congestion and pressure. By reducing nasal mucosal swelling and promoting airflow, pseudoephedrine provides symptomatic relief in conditions associated with upper respiratory tract congestion. Its effects typically appear within 30 minutes and can last for several hours.
Pharmacokinetics
Pseudoephedrine is well absorbed after oral administration. It is metabolized in the liver and has a half-life of approximately 6 hours. The drug is excreted primarily in the urine, with about 55% of a dose being eliminated unchanged. Renal function can affect the elimination of pseudoephedrine, necessitating dosage adjustments in patients with renal impairment.
Contra-indications
- Severe hypertension
- Severe coronary artery disease
- Concurrent use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
- Hypersensitivity to pseudoephedrine or any component of the formulation
Adverse effects
- Insomnia
- Nervousness
- Dizziness
- Increased blood pressure
- Tachycardia
- Dry mouth
- Nausea
- Headache
Interactions
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) may increase the risk of hypertensive crisis
- Other sympathomimetics may exacerbate cardiovascular side effects
- Antihypertensive agents may have reduced effectiveness
Precautions
- Use with caution in patients with hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, or prostatic hypertrophy
- Monitor blood pressure regularly during treatment
- Use in caution in elderly patients
Pregnancy
Pseudoephedrine should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Consult healthcare provider for guidance.
Breast-feeding
Pseudoephedrine is excreted in breast milk; caution is advised when administering to nursing mothers. Consult healthcare provider.
Storage
Store at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Keep out of reach of children.
Formulations
- Tablets
- Extended-release tablets
- Liquid formulations
- Combination products with antihistamines or analgesics
AI-synthesized from BNF references - general information only, not a substitute for professional medical advice or the current BNF. Verify doses with a pharmacist.
This drug in other countries
The same active ingredient registered across other registries we cover - including different brands.