What it does
Hyoscine is a medication often used to relieve symptoms of stomach cramps and motion sickness.
Commonly used for: stomach cramps, motion sickness, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
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Source: Pharmacy and Poisons Board · fetched 2026-01-28 20:22:34 · updated 2026-07-26 09:21:53
About this medicine
Hyoscine is a medication often used to relieve symptoms of stomach cramps and motion sickness.
What it treats
- stomach cramps
- motion sickness
- irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
How it works
Hyoscine works by relaxing the muscles in the gut and reducing the activity of the digestive system.
Who it's for
Hyoscine is suitable for adults and children experiencing stomach cramps or motion sickness.
AI-assisted summary grounded in BNF data - general information only, not medical advice. Always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor.
Clinical monograph: hyocin
Hyoscine, also known as scopolamine, is an anticholinergic drug used primarily for its effects on the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system. It is indicated for the treatment of motion sickness and as a pre-anesthetic medication to reduce salivation and secretions. Its efficacy in alleviating symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and spasmodic pain makes it a valuable medication in various medical settings.
Indications
- Motion sickness
- Nausea and vomiting
- Spasmodic abdominal pain
- Pre-operative sedation
- Salivation reduction
Dosage
Children: Refer to the BNF for Children for specific dosing guidelines.
Adults: Refer to the BNF for specific dosing guidelines.
Mechanism of action
Hyoscine acts as a competitive antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, primarily blocking the effects of acetylcholine in the central and peripheral nervous systems. This results in decreased gastrointestinal motility and secretion, as well as sedation and reduced secretions in the respiratory tract.
Pharmacodynamics
Hyoscine's anticholinergic effects lead to decreased gastric motility and secretion, relief of spasms in smooth muscle, and sedation. Its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier contributes to its central nervous system effects, including sedation and amnesia, which are useful in pre-operative settings.
Pharmacokinetics
Hyoscine is well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and can also be administered via transdermal patches or injection. It is metabolized in the liver and has a relatively short half-life, typically requiring multiple doses for sustained effects. The drug is excreted primarily via the kidneys, with some elimination occurring in the feces.
Contra-indications
- Hypersensitivity to hyoscine or any of its components
- Myasthenia gravis
- Severe ulcerative colitis
- Closed-angle glaucoma
- Prostatic hypertrophy
- Tachycardia
Adverse effects
- Dry mouth
- Dizziness
- Blurred vision
- Constipation
- Urinary retention
- Increased heart rate
- Confusion or agitation in elderly patients
Interactions
- Anticholinergic drugs may enhance effects and increase the risk of side effects
- CNS depressants, such as alcohol, may have additive sedative effects
- Antihistamines may increase anticholinergic effects
Precautions
- Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease
- Monitor in patients with a history of seizures
- Caution in the elderly due to increased risk of confusion and anticholinergic effects
- May cause impairment of ability to operate machinery or drive
Pregnancy
Hyoscine should only be used in pregnancy if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Consult a healthcare professional for guidance.
Breast-feeding
Hyoscine is excreted in breast milk; caution is advised when administered to breastfeeding women.
Storage
Store at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Keep out of reach of children.
Formulations
- Tablets
- Transdermal patches
- Injectable solution
AI-synthesized from BNF references - general information only, not a substitute for professional medical advice or the current BNF. Verify doses with a pharmacist.