STREPSILS ORIGINAL

Indications

• Sore throat
• Throat irritation
• Symptomatic relief of throat infections

Dosage

Children: Refer to the BNF for Children for specific paediatric dosing guidance.

Adults: Refer to the BNF for specific dosing recommendations.

Mechanism of action

The mechanism of virucidal action is not fully elucidated; however, it is suggested that denaturation of external protein spikes, a pH-induced rearrangement of the tertiary structure of attachment proteins, or a selective effect on viral lipid membranes and protein-lipid interaction is responsible for this action. Amylmetacresol also blocks voltage-gated Na channels in a local anesthetic-like manner.

Pharmacodynamics

Amylmetacresol throat lozenges markedly reduce the infectivity of certain infectious viruses in the throat and in cough droplets, thus reducing opportunities for person-to-person transmission. Additionally, it relieves symptoms of sore throat and irritation of the throat by inhibiting the inflammatory and pain mediators involved in the inflammation of the mouth and throat mucous membranes.

Adverse effects

• Allergic reactions
• Local irritation
• Nausea
• Vomiting

Precautions

• Use with caution in individuals with known allergies to local anesthetics.
• Not recommended for prolonged use.

Pregnancy

Safety in pregnancy has not been established, consult healthcare provider before use.

Breast-feeding

Consult healthcare provider before use during breastfeeding.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight.

Formulations

• Throat lozenges containing amylmetacresol

Indications

• Industrial solvent
• Pesticide production
• Fumigant

Dosage

Children: Refer to specific guidelines and safety data sheets for industrial and clinical applications.

Adults: Refer to specific guidelines and safety data sheets for industrial and clinical applications.

Mechanism of action

Dichlorobenzene acts as a solvent and has potential effects on various biological pathways by interacting with cell membranes and proteins. Its toxic effects are thought to be related to its capacity to form reactive metabolites that can lead to oxidative stress and damage cellular components.

Pharmacodynamics

Dichlorobenzene exhibits dose-dependent toxicity. Its effects include irritation of the respiratory tract, skin, and eyes, as well as potential central nervous system depression at high exposures. Long-term exposure can lead to more severe health effects, including liver and kidney damage.

Pharmacokinetics

Dichlorobenzene is rapidly absorbed via inhalation and gastrointestinal routes. It is distributed widely in body tissues, with a higher affinity for adipose tissue. Metabolism primarily occurs in the liver through cytochrome P450 enzymes, leading to the formation of various metabolites. Excretion is mainly via urine, with a half-life that varies based on the route of exposure and individual metabolism.

Pregnancy

Safety during pregnancy has not been established. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Breast-feeding

It is not known whether dichlorobenzl is excreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised when administering to nursing mothers.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.

Mechanism of action

The mechanism of virucidal action is not fully elucidated, however it is suggested that denaturation of external protein spikes, a pH-induced rearrangement of the tertiary structure of attachment proteins, or a selective effect on viral lipid membranes/protein–lipid interaction is responsible for this action. Amylmetacresol is an antibacterial and antiviral agent, and blocks voltage-gated Na channels in a local anesthetic-like manner.

Pharmacodynamics

The mixture of amylmetacresol throat lozenge medications markedly reduces the infectivity of certain infectious viruses in the throat and in cough droplets, thus reducing opportunities for person-to-person transmission. In addition, it relieves symptoms of sore throat/irritation of the throat,. Amylmetacresol is thought to inhibit the inflammatory and pain mediators that are involved in the inflammation of the mouth and throat mucous membranes, as well as the sore throat.