VETMEDIN 2,5 mg CHEWABLE TABLETS FOR DOGS

Indications

• Congestive heart failure
• Mitral valve disease
• Dilated cardiomyopathy

Dosage

Children: Refer to the BNF for Children for specific dosing recommendations.

Adults: Refer to the BNF for specific dosing guidelines.

Mechanism of action

Pimobendan works by inhibiting phosphodiesterase III, which increases intracellular levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP). This leads to enhanced calcium availability in cardiac myocytes, improving myocardial contractility. Additionally, it has vasodilatory effects through the activation of the calcium sensitization pathway, allowing for better cardiac output without a significant increase in myocardial oxygen demand.

Pharmacodynamics

The drug exhibits a dual action as both a positive inotrope and a vasodilator. It enhances the force of heart contractions and promotes relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, which can decrease preload and afterload. This results in improved cardiac output and reduced symptoms of heart failure. The onset of action is typically within 1 to 2 hours after administration, with effects lasting for several hours.

Pharmacokinetics

Pimobendan is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations generally occurring within 1 to 2 hours. It undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism, primarily via cytochrome P450 enzymes, and has a half-life of approximately 1 to 2 hours. The drug is mainly excreted as metabolites in the urine. Its pharmacokinetic profile can be influenced by factors such as liver function.

Contra-indications

• Hypersensitivity to pimobendan or any excipients
• HCM (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy) in cats
• Severe aortic stenosis
• Concomitant use with certain antiarrhythmic drugs

Adverse effects

• Anorexia
• Diarrhoea
• Vomiting
• Lethargy
• Hypotension
• Tachycardia
• Arrhythmias

Interactions

• Concomitant use with other inotropes may increase the risk of adverse effects
• Caution with concurrent use of diuretics
• May interact with certain antihypertensive agents

Precautions

• Use with caution in patients with renal or hepatic impairment
• Monitor heart rate and rhythm regularly
• Assess electrolyte levels periodically

Pregnancy

Use in pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Limited data on safety.

Breast-feeding

Safety during breastfeeding has not been established; use caution if administered to nursing animals.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place away from light. Keep out of reach of children.

Formulations

• Tablets, 1.25 mg
• Tablets, 5 mg
• Tablets, 10 mg