VICTORIA BRANS UMADADULA TAB
Chlorpeniramine maleate
What it does
Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine that helps relieve allergy symptoms.
Commonly used for: allergic reactions, hay fever (allergic rhinitis), cold symptoms
Read more in plain English ↓Plain-language summary for general understanding - not medical advice. Always follow your pharmacist/doctor.
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Sourcing - Kenya onlyRegistration & product details
Source: South African Health Products Regulatory Authority · fetched 2026-04-15 21:30:16 · updated 2026-10-25 04:02:15
About this medicine
Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine that helps relieve allergy symptoms.
What it treats
- allergic reactions
- hay fever (allergic rhinitis)
- cold symptoms
How it works
It works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergy symptoms.
Who it's for
It is suitable for adults and children over a certain age for treating allergy symptoms.
AI-assisted summary grounded in BNF data - general information only, not medical advice. Always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor.
Clinical monograph: chlorpeniramine
Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine belonging to the alkylamine class. It is primarily utilized for the relief of allergy symptoms, including rhinitis and urticaria, by blocking the action of histamine at H1 receptors. It is often used to treat hay fever, allergic conjunctivitis, and other allergic reactions. Its sedative properties make it useful in cases where sleep aid is also required.
Indications
- Allergic rhinitis (hay fever)
- Urticaria (hives)
- Allergic conjunctivitis
- Other allergic conditions
Dosage
Children: Refer to the BNF for Children for specific dosing information.
Adults: Refer to the BNF for specific dosing information.
Mechanism of action
Chlorpheniramine exerts its effects by competitively inhibiting the H1 histamine receptors, thereby preventing the action of endogenous histamine. This results in a reduction of allergy symptoms such as itching, sneezing, and runny nose. Additionally, it has anticholinergic properties which contribute to its effectiveness in reducing secretions.
Pharmacodynamics
The antihistaminic effect of chlorpheniramine leads to decreased vascular permeability and reduced smooth muscle contraction in response to histamine. The sedative effects are due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, affecting central nervous system activity. This can help alleviate symptoms of allergic reactions while also providing mild sedation.
Pharmacokinetics
Chlorpheniramine is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with peak plasma concentrations occurring approximately 2 to 6 hours post-administration. It is metabolized in the liver and has a half-life ranging from 12 to 15 hours, allowing for once or twice daily dosing in many cases. The drug is primarily excreted in urine, both as unchanged drug and metabolites.
Contra-indications
- Hypersensitivity to chlorphenamine or any of its components
- Severe hypertension
- Severe coronary artery disease
- Narrow-angle glaucoma
- Urinary retention
Adverse effects
- Drowsiness
- Dizziness
- Dry mouth
- Blurred vision
- Constipation
- Urinary retention
- Confusion
- Excitation in children
Interactions
- CNS depressants (e.g., alcohol, sedatives) may enhance sedative effects
- MAO inhibitors can prolong and intensify the anticholinergic effects
- Antihypertensive medications may have decreased effectiveness
Precautions
- Caution in patients with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or other respiratory conditions
- Use with caution in elderly patients due to increased risk of sedation and anticholinergic effects
- Avoid use in patients with a history of seizures
Pregnancy
Chlorphenamine is classified as category B. Animal studies have not shown harm, but use during pregnancy should be limited to necessary cases.
Breast-feeding
Chlorphenamine is excreted in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to nursing mothers.
Storage
Store at room temperature, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Formulations
- Tablets
- Syrup
- Injection
AI-synthesized from BNF references - general information only, not a substitute for professional medical advice or the current BNF. Verify doses with a pharmacist.