DENTINOX INFANT COLIC DROPS

Indications

• Acute poisoning
• Drug overdose
• Gastrointestinal decontamination

Dosage

Children: Refer to specific pediatric dosing recommendations based on the child's weight and the clinical situation.

Adults: Refer to specific guidelines depending on the type of poisoning and the clinical scenario.

Mechanism of action

Activated charcoal works through a process called adsorption, where toxins and drugs adhere to the surface of the charcoal particles due to electrostatic attractions and Van der Waals forces. This prevents the absorption of these substances in the gastrointestinal tract, allowing them to be excreted from the body.

Pharmacodynamics

The pharmacodynamic effects of activated charcoal are related to its ability to bind a wide range of substances. The efficacy of activated charcoal varies depending on the type and amount of the toxin or drug ingested, as well as the time elapsed since ingestion. Generally, activated charcoal is most effective when administered within one hour of ingestion of a toxic substance.

Pharmacokinetics

Activated charcoal is not absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract; instead, it remains in the gut, where it binds to ingested substances and promotes their elimination via feces. Its effects are dose-dependent, and it is typically administered as a single dose, although multiple doses may be considered in certain cases of severe poisoning.

Adverse effects

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Constipation
• Abdominal pain
• Aspiration pneumonia (if inhaled)
• Electrolyte imbalances

Precautions

• Use with caution in patients with gastrointestinal obstruction
• Monitor for potential aspiration in patients with reduced consciousness
• Consider electrolyte levels in patients with significant diarrhea or vomiting

Pregnancy

Activated charcoal is generally considered safe for use in pregnancy, but consult a healthcare professional before use.

Breast-feeding

Activated charcoal is excreted in breast milk, use with caution and consult a healthcare professional.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.

Formulations

• Activated charcoal powder
• Activated charcoal capsules
• Activated charcoal tablets

Indications

• Head lice
• Scabies
• Other parasitic skin infections

Dosage

Children: For head lice, apply once weekly for 2 doses, rub preparation into dry hair and scalp, allow to dry naturally, and wash off after 12 hours or overnight. For scabies, children can also apply the treatment over the whole body, allowing it to dry naturally and washing off after 12 hours or overnight.

Adults: Apply twice daily for a minimum of 8 hours (or overnight) for head lice treatment. For scabies, apply over the whole body and wash off after 24 hours. Dosage may vary depending on the specific formulation and clinical guidelines.

Mechanism of action

Dimeticone acts by forming a protective barrier on the skin, which can interfere with the respiration of lice and other parasites. This suffocation mechanism helps to eliminate these pests effectively. Additionally, it reduces surface tension, minimizing foaming and aiding in the smooth application of topical formulations.

Pharmacodynamics

Dimeticone exhibits emollient properties, providing a protective layer on the skin. It is largely inert and does not significantly penetrate the skin, which limits systemic absorption. The primary action of Dimeticone is mechanical rather than chemical, as it acts to physically block or suffocate ectoparasites.

Pharmacokinetics

Dimeticone is poorly absorbed through the skin and is not expected to enter systemic circulation to any significant extent. Its effects are localized to the site of application, where it remains on the skin's surface to provide a physical barrier. The compound is metabolically stable and is excreted unchanged.

Adverse effects

• Skin irritation
• Eye irritation
• Mucosal irritation
• Hypersensitivity reactions

Precautions

• Avoid contact with eyes
• Avoid contact with mucous membranes
• Avoid application on broken or inflamed skin

Pregnancy

Use with caution; consult healthcare provider.

Breast-feeding

Suspend feeding until product has been washed off.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.

Formulations

• Cream
• Ointment
• Liquid