ZINCARNO TABLETS

Indications

• Supplementation for athletic performance enhancement
• Potential neuroprotective agent
• Support in conditions related to oxidative stress
• Investigational use in aging-related conditions

Dosage

Children: Refer to the BNF for Children for specific dosing recommendations, as pediatric dosing must be determined based on age, weight, and clinical condition.

Adults: Refer to specific guidelines or consult a healthcare professional for dosing regimens, as dosages may vary based on the intended use and individual patient factors.

Mechanism of action

Carnosine acts as a buffer in muscle cells, helping to regulate pH by neutralizing lactic acid produced during intense exercise. It also exhibits antioxidant properties, scavenging reactive oxygen species and reducing oxidative damage to cells. Furthermore, carnosine has been shown to modulate the activity of various enzymes and signaling pathways, including those involved in cellular energy metabolism and neuroprotection.

Pharmacodynamics

Carnosine influences several physiological functions, primarily through its buffering capacity and antioxidant activity. It helps to maintain acid-base balance in muscles, can improve muscle performance by delaying fatigue, and may protect against oxidative damage, which is relevant in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. By modulating calcium homeostasis, carnosine may also play a role in muscle contraction and relaxation.

Pharmacokinetics

Carnosine is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, with a bioavailability that may be affected by its peptide structure. It is distributed widely in tissues, particularly in muscles and the brain. Carnosine is metabolized to its constituent amino acids, beta-alanine and histidine, and excreted primarily through the kidneys. The half-life of carnosine in the body is relatively short, necessitating frequent dosing for sustained effects.

Pregnancy

Carnosine should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. There is limited information on its safety.

Breast-feeding

Carnosine is excreted in human milk, and caution should be exercised when administering to breastfeeding women.

Storage

Store at room temperature, away from moisture and direct light. Keep out of reach of children.

Formulations

• Carnosine powder
• Carnosine capsules
• Carnosine injectable solution