Amprolium 20%

Indications

• Coccidiosis in poultry
• Coccidiosis in livestock
• Prevention of coccidial infections in animals

Dosage

Children: Refer to veterinary guidelines for specific dosing for younger animals, as it may vary according to weight and age.

Adults: Refer to veterinary guidelines for specific dosing based on the type of animal and severity of infection.

Mechanism of action

Amprolium acts as a thiamine antagonist, inhibiting the uptake of thiamine in the protozoa. This leads to depletion of thiamine within the parasites, which is essential for their energy metabolism and growth. The lack of thiamine disrupts several metabolic pathways, ultimately resulting in the death of the parasitic organisms.

Pharmacodynamics

Amprolium exhibits selective toxicity towards protozoa by exploiting the differences in thiamine metabolism between the host and the parasite. The drug's action is primarily coccidiostatic, preventing the development and reproduction of Eimeria species. The effectiveness of amprolium is influenced by factors such as the specific strain of Eimeria, the dosage administered, and the duration of treatment.

Pharmacokinetics

Amprolium is well absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within a few hours. It is primarily metabolized in the liver, and its metabolites are excreted mainly through the urine. The drug has a relatively short half-life, necessitating multiple doses for effective treatment. The pharmacokinetic profile may vary between species, and veterinary guidelines should be followed for specific dosing regimens.

Adverse effects

• Anorexia
• Weight loss
• Neurological signs including ataxia
• Thiamine deficiency symptoms

Precautions

• Use with caution in animals with pre-existing neurological conditions
• Monitor for signs of thiamine deficiency

Pregnancy

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant animals. Use with caution.

Breast-feeding

Not established. Caution is advised.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place, away from light.

Formulations

• Oral powder
• Oral solution